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CD/CDRW/DVD For Sale

CD/CDRW/DVD For Sale

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CD/CDRW/DVD

Several formats are used for data stored on compact discs, known as the Rainbow Books. These include the original Red Book standards for CD audio, White Book and Yellow Book CD-ROM. The ISO/IEC 10149 / ECMA-130 standard, which gives a thorough description of the physics and physical layer of the CD-ROM, inclusive of cross-interleaved Reed-Solomon coding (CIRC) and eight-to-fourteen modulation (EFM), can be downloaded from ISO[1] or ECMA.

ISO 9660 defines the standard file system of a CD-ROM, although it is due to be replaced by ISO 13490 (which also supports CD-R and multi-session). UDF extends ISO 13346 (which was designed for non-sequential write-once and re-writeable discs such as CD-R and CD-RW) to support read-only and re-writeable media and was first adopted for DVD. The bootable CD specification, to make a CD emulate a hard disk or floppy, is called El Torito.

CD-ROM drives are rated with a speed factor relative to music CDs (1× or 1-speed which gives a data transfer rate of 150 KiB/s). 12× drives were common beginning in early 1997. Above 12× speed, there are problems with vibration and heat. Constant angular velocity (CAV) drives give speeds up to 30× at the outer edge of the disc with the same rotational speed as a standard constant linear velocity (CLV) 12×, or 32× with a slight increase. However due to the nature of CAV (linear speed at the inner edge is still only 12×, increasing smoothly in-between) the actual throughput increase is less than 30/12 - in fact, roughly 20× average for a completely full disc, and even less for a partially filled one.

Aluratek

AOpen

LG Electronics

Lite-On

Microboards
Mistumi

NEC


Plextor

Samsung

Sony

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CD/CDRW/DVD For Sale
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